2023年11月软件设计师(模拟题二)上午试卷之二十四




摘要:对于【软件设计师】软考考试而言,试题无疑是最重要的学习资料之一。在软考备考过程中,吃透试题、掌握试题所考知识点、熟悉试题的出题思路,对我们提升分数的效果是最明显的,通过对试题的反复练习,还可以查漏补缺。今天,给大家带来【2023年11月软件设计师(模拟题二)上午试卷】部分试题的详解,一起来看看吧~1、安全机制是实现安全服务的技术手段,一种安全机制可以提供多种安全服务,而

1、安全机制是实现安全服务的技术手段,一种安全机制可以提供多种安全服务,而一种安全服务也可采用多种安全机制。加密机制不能提供的安全服务是(70)。
A、 数据保密性
B、 访问控制
C、 数字签名
D、 认证
答案:C
答题解析:
在安全的开放环境中,用户可以使用各种安全应用。安全应用由一些安全服务来实现;安全服务又是由各种安全机制或安全技术实现的,同一安全机制有时也可以用于实现不同的安全服务。
安全服务主要有如下内容。
(1)认证:包括实体认证与数据源认证;
(2)数据保密性:包括连接机密性、无连接机密性、选择域机密性与业务流机密性;
(3)数据完整性:包括有恢复连接完整性、无恢复连接完整性、选择域连接完整性、无连接完整性与选择域五连接完整性;
(4)抗抵赖性:包括有源端证据的抗抵赖性与有交付证据的抗抵赖性;
(5)访问控制:决定了谁能够访问系统,能访问系统的何种资源以及如何使用这些资源。适当的访问控制能够阻止未经允许的用户有意或无意地获取数据。访问控制的手段包括用户识别代码、口令、登录控制、资源授权(例如用户配置文件、资源配置文件和控制列表)、授权核查、日志和审计。
安全机制主要有如下内容。
(1)加密机制。存在加密机制意味着存在密钥管理机制;
(2)数字签名机制;
(3)访问控制机制;
(4)数据完整性机制;
(5)认证机制;
(6)通信业务填充机制;
(7)路由控制机制;
(8)公证机制。
2、Project after project designs a set of algorithms and then plunges intoconstruction of customer-deliverable software on a schedule that demands delivery of the first thing built.In most projects, the first system built is (71) usable. It may be too slow, too big , awkward to use, or all three. There is no (72 ) but to start again, smarting but smarter and build a redesigned version in which these problems are solved. The discard and (73) may be done in one lump, or it may be done piece-by-piece. But all large-system experience shows that it will be done. Where a new system concept or new technology is used, one has to build a syste m to throw away, for even the bestplanning is not so omniscient (全知的) as to get it fight the first time.the management question, therefore, is not whether to build a pilot system and throw it away. You will do that. The only question is whether to plan in advance to build a (74). or to promise to deliver the throwaway to customers. Seen this way, the answer is much clearer. Delivering that throwaway to customers buys time, but it does so only at the (75) of agony (极大痛苦) for the user, distraction for the builders while they do the redesign, and a bad..reputation for the product that the best redesign will find hard to live down.Hence plan to throw one away; you will, anyhow.
A、almost
B、often
C、usually
D、barely
答案:D
答题解析:
在大多数项目中,第一个系统是几乎无法使用。它可能是太慢,太大,不好用,或所有三。没有办法,但再次开始,但更为,并建立一个重新设计的版本中,这些问题都解决了。丢弃或重新设计可能是一次性完成的,或者可能是由片做了件。但所有的大型系统的经验表明,它会做的。”
管理问题,因此,不在于是否建立一个试验系统,扔掉它。你会这样做。唯一的问题是,是否要提前建立一次性计划,或承诺提供一次性客户。这样看来,答案是很清晰。提供一次性客户赢得了时间,但它只有在用户的痛苦成本,分心的建设者而他们做了重新设计,并对最佳的重新设计将难以活下来的产品一个坏名声。
3、Project after project designs a set of algorithms and then plunges intoconstruction of customer-deliverable software on a schedule that demands delivery of the first thing built.In most projects, the first system built is (71) usable. It may be too slow, too big , awkward to use, or all three. There is no (72 ) but to start again, smarting but smarter and build a redesigned version in which these problems are solved. The discard and (73) may be done in one lump, or it may be done piece-by-piece. But all large-system experience shows that it will be done. Where a new system concept or new technology is used, one has to build a syste m to throw away, for even the bestplanning is not so omniscient (全知的) as to get it fight the first time.the management question, therefore, is not whether to build a pilot system and throw it away. You will do that. The only question is whether to plan in advance to build a (74). or to promise to deliver the throwaway to customers. Seen this way, the answer is much clearer. Delivering that throwaway to customers buys time, but it does so only at the (75) of agony (极大痛苦) for the user, distraction for the builders while they do the redesign, and a bad..reputation for the product that the best redesign will find hard to live down.Hence plan to throw one away; you will, anyhow.
A、alternative
B、need
C、possibility
D、solution
答案:A
答题解析:
在大多数项目中,第一个系统是几乎无法使用。它可能是太慢,太大,不好用,或所有三。没有办法,但再次开始,但更为,并建立一个重新设计的版本中,这些问题都解决了。丢弃或重新设计可能是一次性完成的,或者可能是由片做了件。但所有的大型系统的经验表明,它会做的。”
管理问题,因此,不在于是否建立一个试验系统,扔掉它。你会这样做。唯一的问题是,是否要提前建立一次性计划,或承诺提供一次性客户。这样看来,答案是很清晰。提供一次性客户赢得了时间,但它只有在用户的痛苦成本,分心的建设者而他们做了重新设计,并对最佳的重新设计将难以活下来的产品一个坏名声。
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