摘要：对于【软件设计师】软考考试而言，试题无疑是最重要的学习资料之一。在软考备考过程中，吃透试题、掌握试题所考知识点、熟悉试题的出题思路，对我们提升分数的效果是最明显的，通过对试题的反复练习，还可以查漏补缺。今天，给大家带来【2023年11月软件设计师（公开卷） 上午试卷】部分试题的详解，一起来看看吧~



1、Why Have Formal Documents?Finally, writing the decisions down is essential. Only when one writes do the gaps appear and the (71) protrude(突出). The act of writing turns out to require hundreds of mini-decisions, and it is the existence of these that distinguishes clear, exact policies from fuzzy ones.Second, the documents will communicate the decisions to others. The manager will be continually amazed that policies he took for common knowledge are totally unknown by some member of his team. Since his fundamental job is to keep everybody going in the (72) direction, his chief daily task will be communication, not decision-making, and his documents will immensely (73) this load.Finally, a manager’s documents give him a data base and checklist. By reviewing them (74) he sees where he is, and he sees what changes of emphasis or shifts in direction are needed.The task of the manager is to develop a plan and then to realize it. But only the written plan is precise and communicable. Such a plan consists of documents on what, when, how much, where, and who. This small set of critical documents (75) much of the manager’s work. If their comprehensive and critical nature is recognized in the beginning, the manager can approach them as friendly tools rather than annoying busywork. He will set his direction much more crisply and quickly by doing so..
A、extend
B、broaden
C、lighten
D、release

答案:C
答题解析:

为什么要有正式的文档？

首先，将决策写下来是关键的。只有写出后差距才能出现，（71）才能突出。写的过程是需求成百上千的小决策的过程，这些的存在将清楚的、准确的政策从模糊的政策中区分出来。

其次，文档将会与其它人交流决策。管理者将会不断感到惊奇的是他采取的一般知识的政策团队有些成员竟全然不知。既然他的基本工作是使每个人在（72）方向上前进，他的主要工作就是交流，而不是决策制定，他的文档能很好的（73）这个负担。

最后，管理者的文档给他提供了一个数据库和检验表。通过（74）回顾他能知道自己所处的位置，并看到为需要对重点改变什么或方向作什么变动。

项目经理的任务是制定计划，并根据计划实现。但是只有书面计划是精确和可以沟通的。计划中包括了时间、地点、人物、做什么、资金。这些少量的关键文档（75）了一些项目经理的工作。如果一开始就认识到他们的普遍性和重要性，那么就可以将文档作为工具友好地利用起来，而不会让它成为令人厌烦的繁重任务。通过遵循文档开展工作，项目经理能更清晰和快速地设定自己的方向。

(73) A 延伸 B 拓宽 C 减轻 D 释放

2、Why Have Formal Documents?Finally, writing the decisions down is essential. Only when one writes do the gaps appear and the (71) protrude(突出). The act of writing turns out to require hundreds of mini-decisions, and it is the existence of these that distinguishes clear, exact policies from fuzzy ones.Second, the documents will communicate the decisions to others. The manager will be continually amazed that policies he took for common knowledge are totally unknown by some member of his team. Since his fundamental job is to keep everybody going in the (72) direction, his chief daily task will be communication, not decision-making, and his documents will immensely (73) this load.Finally, a manager’s documents give him a data base and checklist. By reviewing them (74) he sees where he is, and he sees what changes of emphasis or shifts in direction are needed.The task of the manager is to develop a plan and then to realize it. But only the written plan is precise and communicable. Such a plan consists of documents on what, when, how much, where, and who. This small set of critical documents (75) much of the manager’s work. If their comprehensive and critical nature is recognized in the beginning, the manager can approach them as friendly tools rather than annoying busywork. He will set his direction much more crisply and quickly by doing so..
A、periodically
B、occasionally
C、infrequently
D、rarely

答案:A
答题解析:

为什么要有正式的文档？

首先，将决策写下来是关键的。只有写出后差距才能出现，（71）才能突出。写的过程是需求成百上千的小决策的过程，这些的存在将清楚的、准确的政策从模糊的政策中区分出来。

其次，文档将会与其它人交流决策。管理者将会不断感到惊奇的是他采取的一般知识的政策团队有些成员竟全然不知。既然他的基本工作是使每个人在（72）方向上前进，他的主要工作就是交流，而不是决策制定，他的文档能很好的（73）这个负担。

最后，管理者的文档给他提供了一个数据库和检验表。通过（74）回顾他能知道自己所处的位置，并看到为需要对重点改变什么或方向作什么变动。

项目经理的任务是制定计划，并根据计划实现。但是只有书面计划是精确和可以沟通的。计划中包括了时间、地点、人物、做什么、资金。这些少量的关键文档（75）了一些项目经理的工作。如果一开始就认识到他们的普遍性和重要性，那么就可以将文档作为工具友好地利用起来，而不会让它成为令人厌烦的繁重任务。通过遵循文档开展工作，项目经理能更清晰和快速地设定自己的方向。

(74) A 定期地 B 偶然地 C 稀少地D 罕有地

3、Why Have Formal Documents?Finally, writing the decisions down is essential. Only when one writes do the gaps appear and the (71) protrude(突出). The act of writing turns out to require hundreds of mini-decisions, and it is the existence of these that distinguishes clear, exact policies from fuzzy ones.Second, the documents will communicate the decisions to others. The manager will be continually amazed that policies he took for common knowledge are totally unknown by some member of his team. Since his fundamental job is to keep everybody going in the (72) direction, his chief daily task will be communication, not decision-making, and his documents will immensely (73) this load.Finally, a manager’s documents give him a data base and checklist. By reviewing them (74) he sees where he is, and he sees what changes of emphasis or shifts in direction are needed.The task of the manager is to develop a plan and then to realize it. But only the written plan is precise and communicable. Such a plan consists of documents on what, when, how much, where, and who. This small set of critical documents (75) much of the manager’s work. If their comprehensive and critical nature is recognized in the beginning, the manager can approach them as friendly tools rather than annoying busywork. He will set his direction much more crisply and quickly by doing so..
A、 decides
B、 encapsulates
C、realizes
D、recognizes

答案:A
答题解析:

为什么要有正式的文档？

首先，将决策写下来是关键的。只有写出后差距才能出现，（71）才能突出。写的过程是需求成百上千的小决策的过程，这些的存在将清楚的、准确的政策从模糊的政策中区分出来。

其次，文档将会与其它人交流决策。管理者将会不断感到惊奇的是他采取的一般知识的政策团队有些成员竟全然不知。既然他的基本工作是使每个人在（72）方向上前进，他的主要工作就是交流，而不是决策制定，他的文档能很好的（73）这个负担。

最后，管理者的文档给他提供了一个数据库和检验表。通过（74）回顾他能知道自己所处的位置，并看到为需要对重点改变什么或方向作什么变动。

项目经理的任务是制定计划，并根据计划实现。但是只有书面计划是精确和可以沟通的。计划中包括了时间、地点、人物、做什么、资金。这些少量的关键文档（75）了一些项目经理的工作。如果一开始就认识到他们的普遍性和重要性，那么就可以将文档作为工具友好地利用起来，而不会让它成为令人厌烦的繁重任务。通过遵循文档开展工作，项目经理能更清晰和快速地设定自己的方向。

(75) A 决定 B 封装 C 实现 D 认出

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