摘要：对于【软件评测师】软考考试而言，试题无疑是最重要的学习资料之一。在软考备考过程中，吃透试题、掌握试题所考知识点、熟悉试题的出题思路，对我们提升分数的效果是最明显的，通过对试题的反复练习，还可以查漏补缺。今天，给大家带来【2020年11月软件评测师模拟试题上午（一）】部分试题的详解，一起来看看吧~



1、V模型指出，（ ）对概要设计进行验证，（ ）对详细设计进行验证，（ ）当追朔到用户需求说明。
A、单元测试
B、集成测试
C、系统测试
D、验收测试

答案:D
答题解析:

本题考察软件测试的V模型。

V模型对应关系如下所示：

2、You are developing a server-side enterprise application. It must support a variety of different clients including desktop browsers, mobile browsers and native mobile applications. The application might also expose an API for 3rd parties to customer.  It might also（   ）with other applications via either web services or a message broker. The application handles requests（HTTP  requests and messages）by executing business logic；accessing a database；exchanging messages with other systems；and returning a HTML /JSON/XML（   ）. There are logical components corresponding to different functional areas of the application.What's the application' s deployment architecture?Define an architecture that structures the application as a set of（   ），collaborating services. This approach corresponds to the Y-axis of the Scale Cube. Each service is；Fast maintainable and testable-enables rapid and frequent development and deployment.Loosely coupled with other services-enables a team to work independently（the majority of time on their servicers）without being imported by changes to other services and without affecting other services.（   ）deployable-enable a team to deploy their services without having to coordinate with other teams.Capable of being developed by a small team-essential for high productivity by avoiding the high communication head of large teams.Services（   ）using either synchronous protocols such as HTTP/REST or a synchronous protocols such as AMQP. Services can be developed and deployed independently of one another. Each service has its own database in order to be decoupled from other services. Data consistency between services is maintained using some particular pattern.
A、integrate
B、coordinate
C、cooperate
D、communicate

答案:C
答题解析:表示合作、协作的意思。

附（参考翻译）：

你们正在开发一个全方位的企业应用系统。它必须支持各种不同的客户机，包括桌面浏览器、移动浏览器和本地移动应用程序。应用程序还可以向客户公开第三方的API。它还可以通过web services或消息代理与其他应用程序协作。应用程序通过执行业务逻辑、访问数据库、与其他系统交换消息以及返回HTML /JSON/XML响应来处理请求(HTTP请求和消息)。它有一些逻辑组件对应于应用程序的不同功能区域。

那么这个应用程序有什么样的部署体系结构呢?

将应用程序的体系结构定义为一组松散耦合的协作服务集合，对应于缩放的立方体的y轴伸缩。每个服务都是：

可快速维护和测试——支持快速和频繁的开发和部署。

与其他服务的松散耦合——使团队能够独立工作(大部分时间在其服务器上)，而不会受到对其他服务的更改的影响，也不会影响其他服务。

独立地部署——允许团队部署他们的服务，而不必与其他团队协调。

能够被一个小团队开发，避免了大团队的庞大的沟通体系，这对于高生产力是至关重要的。

服务通信使用HTTP/REST等同步原协议或AMQP等同步协议。服务可以彼此独立地开发和部署。每个服务都有自己的数据库，以便与其他服务解耦。服务之间的数据一致性是使用某种特定的模式来维护的。

3、You are developing a server-side enterprise application. It must support a variety of different clients including desktop browsers, mobile browsers and native mobile applications. The application might also expose an API for 3rd parties to customer.  It might also（   ）with other applications via either web services or a message broker. The application handles requests（HTTP  requests and messages）by executing business logic；accessing a database；exchanging messages with other systems；and returning a HTML /JSON/XML（   ）. There are logical components corresponding to different functional areas of the application.What's the application' s deployment architecture?Define an architecture that structures the application as a set of（   ），collaborating services. This approach corresponds to the Y-axis of the Scale Cube. Each service is；Fast maintainable and testable-enables rapid and frequent development and deployment.Loosely coupled with other services-enables a team to work independently（the majority of time on their servicers）without being imported by changes to other services and without affecting other services.（   ）deployable-enable a team to deploy their services without having to coordinate with other teams.Capable of being developed by a small team-essential for high productivity by avoiding the high communication head of large teams.Services（   ）using either synchronous protocols such as HTTP/REST or a synchronous protocols such as AMQP. Services can be developed and deployed independently of one another. Each service has its own database in order to be decoupled from other services. Data consistency between services is maintained using some particular pattern.
A、request
B、response
C、text
D、file

答案:B
答题解析:表示响应的意思。

附（参考翻译）：

你们正在开发一个全方位的企业应用系统。它必须支持各种不同的客户机，包括桌面浏览器、移动浏览器和本地移动应用程序。应用程序还可以向客户公开第三方的API。它还可以通过web services或消息代理与其他应用程序协作。应用程序通过执行业务逻辑、访问数据库、与其他系统交换消息以及返回HTML /JSON/XML响应来处理请求(HTTP请求和消息)。它有一些逻辑组件对应于应用程序的不同功能区域。

那么这个应用程序有什么样的部署体系结构呢?

将应用程序的体系结构定义为一组松散耦合的协作服务集合，对应于缩放的立方体的y轴伸缩。每个服务都是：

可快速维护和测试——支持快速和频繁的开发和部署。

与其他服务的松散耦合——使团队能够独立工作(大部分时间在其服务器上)，而不会受到对其他服务的更改的影响，也不会影响其他服务。

独立地部署——允许团队部署他们的服务，而不必与其他团队协调。

能够被一个小团队开发，避免了大团队的庞大的沟通体系，这对于高生产力是至关重要的。

服务通信使用HTTP/REST等同步原协议或AMQP等同步协议。服务可以彼此独立地开发和部署。每个服务都有自己的数据库，以便与其他服务解耦。服务之间的数据一致性是使用某种特定的模式来维护的。

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